Introduction: Obesity for centuries has had myriad implications on physical, mental, and psychosocial health. Various therapies like nutritional therapy, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy have failed in managing obesity and lead to disappointing results. Contrary to these results, bariatric surgery has shown to have a decrease in weight of 50–75%. Not only has bariatric surgery been effective in morbid obesity but it also plays a significant role in a high rate of remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus and other obesity-related comorbidities like dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study, undertaken in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, from July 2017 to September 2019 after taking clearance from the Institution ethics committee. A total of 30 patients were included in this study who were morbidly obese with metabolic syndrome. The indications for surgery were according to the latest guidelines issued by the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) for the Asian population. Results: There was a significant fall in all parameters like weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The weight loss and BMI baseline were seen by the end of 12 months were 40 ± 9.3 kg and from 43.23 to 29.75, respectively, showing its statistical significance. There was a substantial decrease in baseline fasting sugar from 172 ±19.7 to 139 ±17.2 mg/dL. Simultaneously, a fall in HbA1c values was seen from the mean of 8.67 ± 1.1 to 6.18 ± 0.4 at the end of 1 year. There is a noteworthy improvement seen in hypertension by the end of 3rd month with mean systolic coming down to 131 ± 14 mm Hg and diastolic to 77 ± 11 mm Hg. Dyslipidemia seen in 21 patients out of 30 patients saw a 100% improvement. Therefore, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) plays a vital role in reducing morbidity and mortality by effective weight loss and control of comorbid diseases.

Introduction: Children younger than 7 years of age spend most of their time with parents and guardians, especially mothers. Maternal oral health knowledge, belief, and attitudes influence the oral health maintenance, dietary habits, and healthy behavior of their children. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mother's oral healthcare knowledge on the oral health status of their child. Materials and methods: A total of 100 mothers and children visiting the department of pedodontics and preventive dentistry were randomly selected. A questionnaire, including parent's name, age, literacy levels, socioeconomic status, dietary practices, and oral hygiene practices, was designed to assess the knowledge of the mothers regarding oral health of themselves and their child. Later the child's oral health status was examined. Results and conclusion: The results were statistically analyzed, and it was concluded that there is a significant influence of mother's oral health knowledge and practices on the child's oral health.

Aim: The present study was planned to evaluate C-reactive protein and serum magnesium in preterm labor compared to healthy subjects. Introduction: Preterm labor is defined as the onset of labor before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation in a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks of gestation. Preterm is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. It has approximately 70% of newborn deaths and 50% long-term neurological sequelae. The main cause of preterm labor is the preterm rupture of the membrane. In addition to that, there are some other risk factors too, such as multiple gestations, hypertension, anemia, cervical incompetence, prepartum hemorrhage, anomalies of fetus or uterine, heavy work, and smoking. Materials and methods: Fifty diagnosed preterm labor patients and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled for the study and subjected to analysis, including C-reactive protein and serum magnesium using Vitros 5600- Dry Chemistry Analyzer. Result: The present study reported significantly low levels of serum magnesium and higher levels of serum C-reactive protein in preterm labor patients when compared to healthy subjects. Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that serum C-reactive protein and serum magnesium levels can be used as a predicting tool of preterm labor.

Background: This study was conducted to demonstrate a comparative study about graft uptake rate and hearing gain between cartilage shield tympanoplasty (CST) and tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia (TF) in patients with chronic otitis media (tubotympanic disease). Materials and methods: Cartilage shield tympanoplasty and TF tympanoplasty were studied in two groups. Group I containing 65 cases and group II having 80 cases with central perforations. Graft uptake rates and hearing improvement at 3 months postoperative follow-up were compared. Results: The graft uptake rates were 98.46 and 90% in groups I and II, respectively, at the end of 3 months. In total, 88% in group II and 90% in group I had improvement in hearing at 3 months of surgery. Conclusion: Conchal cartilage can be used effectively as a graft material for cartilage shield tympanoplasty. It has also shown superior autograft as compared to TF, not only because of better graft uptake rates and less partial failure rates but also due to the significant hearing improvement, talking in terms of mean AB gap in both types of graft materials.

Hypodontia is the most common anomaly in human dentition associated with number that develops in the initiation stage of tooth morphogenesis. It is characterized by tooth agenesis of two to six teeth, may or may not be associated with a syndrome, and is controlled by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Mutations in the genes MSX 1 and PAX 9, which are the main genes responsible for odontogenesis, are responsible for the development of nonsyndromic hypodontia. In this case report, a 13-year-old girl reported to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry with the complaint of midline diastema. On clinical and radiographic examination, she was diagnosed with this condition and was explained about the treatment prospects.

Temporomandibular ankylosis is a condition that affects the function and esthetics of a person. Various options are available as interpositional grafts to prevent recurrence of ankylosis, e.g., meniscus, dura skin, fascia, fat, muscle, cartilage, alloplastic materials, and xenografts. The merits and demerits of the dermal fat graft as an interpositional material following gap arthroplasty were compared with temporalis fascia interposition in this study. Twenty patients with TMJ ankylosis (three patients had bilateral TMJ ankylosis) were randomly divided into two groups of 10 patients each; in group I, interposition with the dermis-fat graft that was taken from the suprapubic region was done. Patients in the control group had an interposition with temporalis fascia and muscle from the same surgical site. All the patients were evaluated by age, sex, clinical features, etiology, and postsurgical complications. The age of all the patients was between 2 years and 11 years. Postoperatively and during follow-up, the interincisal mouth opening was adequate with proper healing of the donor site. Conclusion states that the use of the dermal fat graft shows minimum donor site morbidity and proves to be an effective interposition material to prevent recurrence of TMJ ankylosis.

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa is a rare congenital disorder. It shows localized overgrowth of a part of an extremity or less commonly a whole extremity. Here we discuss a rare case of macrodystrophia lipomatosa.

Posterior crossbite is one of the most prevalent malocclusions in the primary and early mixed dentition. Different techniques have been used to correct anterior and posterior crossbites in maxillary arch, for example quad helix and removable appliance with expansion screw. This article aims at correcting the single tooth crossbite in mandibular arch in cases where the mandibular molar is buccally positioned by a modified appliance, which includes a modified clasp and an apron spring that helps in correcting the abovementioned problem.