Clinical and Laboratory Profile of COVID-19 Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan: An Observational Study
Aviral Gupta
Citation Information :
Gupta A. Clinical and Laboratory Profile of COVID-19 Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan: An Observational Study. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2020; 5 (3):91-95.
Background: In this study, we aim to report the clinical and laboratory profile of 187 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Materials and methods: Case records were accessed retrospectively, and demographic profile, clinical presentation, and two laboratory markers [neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were evaluated in 187 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients were divided into two groups for analysis—recovered/discharged group and mortality group. Results: In our study, the mortality rate was 11.8% (22 out of 187 cases) with similar age and sex distribution between the two groups. A higher proportion of patients in the mortality group had severe disease as compared to the recovered group (72.7 vs 8.5%). Patients who died had a longer mean duration of symptoms before admission (5.2 vs 3.3 days), with a lower duration of hospital admission (5.6 vs 10.6 days) as compared to the recovered group. Fourteen out of 22 patients in the mortality group required non-invasive or invasive ventilatory support at admission, compared to 21 out of 165 patients who recovered; and 86.4% of patients who died had comorbidities vs 43.6% of those who recovered. The mean NLR was over 3.5 times higher and mean CRP at admission nearly 2.6 times higher in the mortality group.
Kahn JS, McIntosh K. History and recent advances in coronavirus discovery. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24(11 Suppl):S223–S227. DOI: 10.1097/01.inf.0000188166.17324.60, discussion S6.
Donnelly CA, Ghani AC, Leung GM, et al. Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Lancet 2003;361(9371):1761–1766. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13410-1.
Cauchemez S, Fraser C, Van Kerkhove MD, et al. Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus: quantification of the extent of the epidemic, surveillance biases, and transmissibility. Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14(1):50–56. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70304-9.
World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's remarks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on 11 February 2020 11 February, 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-2019-ncov-on-11-february-2020.
World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020 11 March 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020.
World Health Organization. Weekly Epidemiological Update Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 21 September 2020 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200921-weekly-epi-update-6.pdf?sfvrsn=d9cf9496_6.
Chatterjee P. Is India missing COVID-19 deaths? Lancet 2020;396(10252):657. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31857-2.
Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell 2020;181(2):271–280.e8. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052.
Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA 2020;323(13):1239–1242. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648.
Singhal T. A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian J Pediatr 2020;87(4):281–286. DOI: 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo E, et al. Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020;34:101623. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623.
Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, et al. Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the new york city area. JAMA 2020;323(20):2052–2059. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.6775.
Yang W, Cao Q, Qin L, et al. Clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multi-center study in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang, China. J Infect 2020;80(4):388–393. DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.016.
Samaddar A, Gadepalli R, Nag VL, et al. The enigma of low COVID-19 fatality rate in India. Front Genet 2020;11:854. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00854.
Du RH, Liang LR, Yang CQ, et al. Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2: a prospective cohort study. Eur Respir J 2020;55(5):2000524. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00524-2020.
Du Y, Tu L, Zhu P, et al. Clinical features of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19 from Wuhan. A retrospective observational study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020;201(11):1372–1379. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202003-0543OC.
Yang AP, Liu JP, Tao WQ, et al. The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2020;84:106504. DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106504.
Wang L. C-reactive protein levels in the early stage of COVID-19. Med Mal Infect 2020;50(4):332–334. DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.007.
Ponti G, Maccaferri M, Ruini C, et al. Biomarkers associated with COVID-19 disease progression. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020;57(6):389–399. DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2020.1770685.