Aims and background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now recognized as the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood, affecting children from their earliest infancy through school and into adult life. Estimates suggest that ADHD affects 10–20% of the school-age population. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in sustaining attention. Usually starting in youth, the disorder can continue throughout adulthood. This study aims to review existing literature to analyze the effectiveness of cognitive activities in improving attention and executive function (EF) problems in ADHD. Methods: Databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and others were extensively searched for studies published from 2014 to the present. Included studies investigated the effectiveness of various cognitive activities in improving attention and EF as well as associated problems in children with ADHD. Data extraction and quality assessments were completed in accordance with preset standards. Results: Overall, 10 studies that met the inclusion criteria were examined, where various activities based on cognitive rehabilitation to improve attention and EF were evaluated. Findings suggest that all activities were effective in improving attention and EF, some more than others. Conclusion: Overall, this review reveals promising potential benefits of cognitive-intensive physical interventions and emphasizes the importance of further research, including well-designed clinical trials and longitudinal studies, to validate and refine the observed trends. However, a comprehensive approach that combines various interventions tailored to individual needs remains crucial. Clinical significance: This study aims to empower these stakeholders with a practical and accessible tool for improving attention and EF problems in children with attention deficit disorder through a literature review, aiding in early identification and intervention design. It will provide valuable insights for practitioners, therapists, parents, and caregivers, improving patient outcomes and promoting inclusive educational practices.